{"id":45663,"date":"2025-01-21T00:52:40","date_gmt":"2025-01-21T00:52:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/goldman-lawyers.com\/?p=45663"},"modified":"2025-01-21T01:04:09","modified_gmt":"2025-01-21T01:04:09","slug":"counseling-sessions-revealing-possible-child-abuse-and-family-violence-deemed-admissible-evidence-by-family-court","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/goldman-lawyers.com\/envirounment\/counseling-sessions-revealing-possible-child-abuse-and-family-violence-deemed-admissible-evidence-by-family-court\/","title":{"rendered":"Counseling Sessions Revealing Possible Child Abuse and Family Violence Deemed Admissible Evidence By Family Court"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"45663\" class=\"elementor elementor-45663\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-62d649e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"62d649e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1eda5c9\" data-id=\"1eda5c9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-479b3ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"479b3ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.9.0 - 06-12-2022 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#818a91;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#818a91;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>The case of <em>Douglas &amp; Mauldon<\/em> [2015] FCCA 2217 (17 August 2015) was a Federal Circuit Court of Australia case about parenting matters between the Applicant wife and Respondent husband.\u00a0 The case involved objections to documents requested by way of subpoena.\u00a0 The subpoena requested information from The Benevolent Society about counselling services that they provided to the wife and children.\u00a0 Both The Benevolent Society and the wife objected to the documents and information being made available to the husband.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66fbeee elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"66fbeee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.9.0 - 06-12-2022 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Relative Law<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0635d35 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0635d35\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><em>Family Law Act 1975 <\/em>(Cth) (\u201cAct\u201d)<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><em>Federal Circuit Court Rules 2001 <\/em>(Cth) (\u201cFCC Rules\u201d)<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><em>Evidence Act 1995<\/em> (NSW) (\u201cNSW Evidence Act\u201d)<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --> <!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><em>Evidence Act 1995<\/em> (Cth) (\u201cCTH Evidence Act\u201d)<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d34a7b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4d34a7b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Background<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50bf9b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"50bf9b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The wife was seeking sole parental responsibility for the couple\u2019s two children and for the children to have no contact with the husband.\u00a0 The husband had been convicted of criminal offences and jailed.\u00a0 These offences included crimes against children below the age of 16 years. \u00a0Some of the offences were perpetrated against the couple\u2019s children.\u00a0 As a result of the husband\u2019s crimes, the Department of Immigration revoked his residency visa.\u00a0 When the husband was released from jail he was placed into immigration detention.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b67953 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3b67953\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Subpoena of Information<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bebbbd2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bebbbd2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>An Independent Children\u2019s Lawyer (\u201cICL\u201d) was assigned to represent the children\u2019s best interests under section 68L of the <em>Family Law Act 1975<\/em> (Cth) (the \u201cAct\u201d).\u00a0 The subpoena originated from the ICL and was directed towards The Benevolent Society.\u00a0 The subpoena requested information about counselling services that the Benevolent Society provided to the wife and children and included a request for information about what was discussed during counselling.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65cef01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"65cef01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Objections to Subpoena<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b5ad1d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b5ad1d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Both the wife and The Benevolent Society had objected to the subpoena.\u00a0 The Benevolent Society objected on the grounds that the counselling for the wife and children was made in confidence and was for child welfare services.\u00a0 The wife objected on the grounds that the documents produced were likely to contain allegations made against the husband which were made in confidence.\u00a0 The wife asked that the documents not be shown to the husband or the husband\u2019s legal representative as this would affect the well-being of the wife and children.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5143e52 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5143e52\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Subpoena Rules and Objections<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-902dfbb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"902dfbb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>In considering the objections the Court looked at the Federal Circuit Court Rules (\u201cFCC Rules\u201d),\u00a0Part 15A relating to subpoenas.\u00a0 Rule 15A.13(2) provides that a person must object to a subpoena under rule 15A.14 by the date the subpoenaed information is due.\u00a0 The objections to the ICL\u2019s subpoena were made within the time limit.\u00a0 The Court stated it could set aside a subpoena or part of a subpoena under rule 15A.09 subject to the rules of evidence and due process.<\/p>\n<p>The Court noted that there were no grounds for a claim of privilege under section 126A of the NSW Evidence Act for professional confidential relationship privilege.\u00a0 The Court then looked at the duties owed by the parties to make the information requested by subpoena available to the Court.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d85599 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3d85599\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Admissibility of Evidence and Disclosure Requirements<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66f1e7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"66f1e7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The Court was concerned that the wife and The Benevolent Society were attempting to withhold information that revealed allegations of child abuse or family violence.\u00a0 These allegations could meet the definition of the section 4 interpretation of child abuse and section 4AB definition of family violence under the Act.\u00a0 Following on from this are sections 67Z and 67BA of the Act which apply if an interested person makes allegations of child abuse.\u00a0 In such a case the interested person must file a Notice of Risk to the Court under Part 22A of the FCC Rules.\u00a0 In such a case the Court must abide by section 67ZBB of the Act.\u00a0 This section requires the Court to consider making interim or procedural orders to enable evidence about allegations of abuse or family violence to be gathered and to protect the child.<\/p>\n<p>The Court stated that the wife has obligations under the FCC Rules, the Act and common law to provide evidence about allegations of child abuse or family violence.\u00a0 The wife\u2019s objection to the production of the subpoenaed information was contrary to her obligations.<\/p>\n<p>The Court then looked at the confidentiality protection provisions for family counselling available under section 10D of the Act.\u00a0 The Court found that the counselling provided by The Benevolent Society did not meet the definition of family counselling under the Act.<\/p>\n<p>The Court considered that the information subject to the subpoena was directly relevant to the question of the risk of child abuse or family violence.\u00a0 It was therefore relevant evidence under section 55(1) of the Commonwealth\u2019s Evidence Act and was admissible to the proceeding.<\/p>\n<p>Based on the above considerations the Court found that the subpoenaed information should be made available to all parties involved in the case.\u00a0 However, the objections as far as the information that would disclose the location of the wife or children or any other identifying information was upheld.\u00a0 As such the Court allowed the redaction of any identifying information before the husband could view The Benevolent Societies\u2019 documents.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf4a8aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bf4a8aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusion<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34e1953 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"34e1953\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>This case shows that parties may subpoena relevant evidence which relates to either child abuse or family violence.\u00a0 Unless subpoenaed information is covered by legal professional privilege, or there is an exception under applicable legislation (including the Act), the subpoenaed information is admissible.\u00a0 This can include confidential information such as in this case relating to counselling services and what was discussed during counselling.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The case of Douglas &amp; Mauldon [2015]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":45654,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[218],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45663","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-family-law"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v19.14 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Counseling Sessions Revealing Possible Child Abuse and Family Violence Deemed Admissible Evidence By Family Court - Goldman Law<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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